• r2-39-10
    Part of frame with walking lion, overview. (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College)
  • r2-39-20
    Part of frame with walking lion. (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College)

Part of Frame with Walking Lion

Date
Ca. 400 BC, Late Lydian (Persian)
Sardis or Museum Inv. No.
S63.035
Material
Marble, Stone
Object Type
Sculpture
Sculpture Type
Animal, Lion, Architectural Relief
Site
Sardis
Sector
Syn
Trench
Syn 63
Locus
Syn MH Spolia
B-Grid Coordinates
E71 - E74 / N6 - N6.50 *96.75 - 96.50
Findspot
Syn.
Description

The fragment has a thin, fine low relief of a lion walking to the r. on a thin, straight ground line. The relief comes from a horizontal band-like part which was the top section of a rather small frame. A bit of projection on the smooth underside indicates that a side piece joined at a right angle. There is just enough preserved to indicate a downward 90° turn in a break at the l.; the piece is therefore an upper l. corner. On the upper r. end there is a trace of a pin hole (?). The carefully drawn profile at the lower edge of the relief (H. 0.014) was probably intended as an architectural frame rather than a base for the lion.

Very similar in style and placement is the painted lioness on a lintel found in the Agora of Athens (Stevens, passim) pointed out to us by H.A. Thompson. Stevens has tried to reconstruct his fragment either as a window or as a lintel of a public shrine with the image of Meter, Mother of the Gods (Cybele). The Sardis fragment might well have come from a small private (domestic) shrine for Cybele.

The Agora fragment has been dated to the later 5th C. B.C. by Rhys Carpenter; a date of around 400 B.C. would fit the Sardis piece. It is very Greek in style; Babylonian and Achaemenid walking lions are much more massive.

Condition

Fine-grained white marble.

Head and back lost, split off at sides. Surface battered.

Dimensions
L. 0.16; P.W. 0.06; H. 0.0775.
Comments
See Also
Bibliography
For Babylonian lions, see Koldewey, Babylon, with color pl. E.F. Schmidt, Persepolis I, 226, pl. 142 A-B, palace of Darius, design on hem on King’s cloak; Krischen, Weltwunder, pl. 14, palace of Nebuchadnezzer, Babylon.
Author
GMAH