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Overview of Stele (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College) -
Stele, detail of top with wreaths. (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College) -
Stele, detail of top with wreaths. (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College) -
Stele, detail of figures. (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College) -
Detail of inscription at bottom. (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College)
Inscribed Stele: Funerary Inscription for Attinas and Mousaios, by Gaius Parousiakos, their father
- Date
- The stele is Hellenistic (2nd century BC?) and so are the inscriptions in the wreaths. Lines 3–7 were inscribed when the stele was reused (in the 2nd century AD?). , Hellenistic; Roman
- Museum
- Manisa, Archaeological and Ethnographic Museum
- Museum Inventory No.
- Sardis or Museum Inv. No.
- NoEx10.001
- Material
- Marble, Stone
- Object Type
- Stele, Inscription
- Inscription Type
- Funerary Inscription
- Inscription language
- Greek
- Inscription Text
wreath with deleted in a wreath: in a wreath: inscription ἡ γερου- ὁ δῆμος σία Γάις Μουσαίου Παρουσι- 4 ακὸς ἐτείμησεν τοὺς ἰδίους υεἱοὺς Ἀττίναν ἐτῶν leaf ιδ´, Μουσαῖν leaf αἰτῶν ς´.
- Inscription Translation
- “[- - -], The gerousia, the People (sc. honored with a wreath).” - “Gai(u)s Parousiakos, son of Mousaios, bestowed the last honors upon his own sons Attinas, aged fourteen years, (and) Mousai(o)s, aged six years.”
- Inscription Comment
- Site
- Sardis
- Findspot
- Found in 2009.
- Description
Stele of white marble, partly damaged; a piece of the pediment and upper part is broken off. In a recess a relief shows (from left to right): a standing woman (pudicitia type); two small figures: a female servant holding a box, and, partly covered by her, a male servant; and a man (whose head is destroyed). Above the recess are three olive wreaths, each surrounding an inscription; the central wreath is thicker than the other two. Below the recess is the inscription containing ll. 3–7.
- Comments
1–2 In the left wreath, perhaps ἡ βουλή. For the Council, the gerousia, and the demos as honoring corporations see no. 654, 1 comm.
3 Γάις instead of Γάιος (cf. l. 6 Μουσαῖ(ο)ν): contraction of -ιο- to -ι-, which occurs quite frequently; e.g., Μουσαῖς in TAM V 3, no. 1656, 12.
3–4 It seems that Gaius had the second name (or title?) Παρουσιακός (unparalleled?, a “translation” of the Latin cognomen Praesens?). - Cf. οὐσιακός, “of or pertaining to an estate” (LSJ; Preisigke, Wörterbuch s.v.).
4–5 ἐτείμησεν, υεἱούς: For the spelling, cf. no. 656, 3 comm.
5 For the name Attinas, which is particularly well attested in the Aeolid and around Pergamon, see Zgusta, Kleinas. Personennamen, pp. 109–10, § 119–20 and L. Robert, Noms indig., p. 211.
7 αἰτῶν: read ἐτῶν. - The lower part of the cipher is broken off; it seems to have been a stigma (“6”) rather than a gamma (cf. the first letter of l. 3).
For similar cases of reuse, cf. Sardis VII 1, no. 167 and G. Petzl, ZPE 37 (1980), pp. 93–95 (on IGSK 23 [Smyrna], nos. 376 and 377).
- See Also
- Bibliography
- Unpublished.
- Author
- GP