• m14-453-10
    Fragments a and b (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College)

Inscribed Stele Fragments: Votive Dedication to Men(?) and Kybebe

Date
236/37 or 239/40 AD (see l. 1 comm.)., Roman
Sardis or Museum Inv. No.
NoEx73.010ab
Material
Marble, Stone
Object Type
Stele, Inscription
Inscription Type
Religious Inscription
Inscription language
Greek
Inscription Text
		[ἔτ(ους)] τ̣κ̣α̣´, μ[η(νὸς)? -  -  εὐ]ξάμενο[ς?]
		[	          εὐ]χὴν στήλ[ην]
		[	          α]ὐ̣τοῦ ἐπιζ[η]-
	4	[τ-	           ]ΥΑΡΧΕΟΝΟ[  ]
		[	          ]οι αὐτοῦ Ο[   ]
		[	          ] ἡ ἐγγόν[η?]
		-     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -
Inscription Translation
“[In the year] 321, [in the month (?) - - - ] after having made a vow [- - erected (the)] stele as ex-voto [- - -] of him demanding [- - -] his [- - -] granddaughter [- - -].”
Inscription Comment
Findspot
Unknown provenance; the style points to northeastern Lydia.
Description

Two non-joining rectangular fragments of white marble from one stele; all edges trimmed for reuse. The missing portion between both pieces probably had a width of 0.16 m. “Three registers preserved on both fragments, each separated by a horizontal band. Top register: (a) Attis [rather: Men, G. P.] holding a pine tree (? [probably a scepter, G. P.]), and a frontal lion (fragment of mane preserved); (b) Cybele [but see S. Berndt-Ersöz, “Kybebe on Fire!” (in Perspectives on Ancient Greece, ed. A. L. Schallin [2013], pp. 153–71), p. 154: “…the name Kybele was not used in Sardis…the Lydian goddess should be referred to as Kybebe rather than Kybele.”] seated on a throne (lower portion…preserved) with frontal lion by her side. Middle register: (a) male dedicant with r. hand raised, and r. hand of a second dedicant; (b) a similar male dedicant. Bottom register: dedicatory inscription, partially preserved” (ed. pr.). In the middle register of (b) a small portion of the second worshiper’s cloth is visible.

Dimensions
Th. 0.06, H. of letters 0.02, [a], H. 0.58, W. 0.19, [b], H. 0.63, W. 0.19.
Comments

Dot: between A and M (l. 1). - Ligature: HN (l. 2)

If not stated otherwise the supplements are those of ed. pr.

1 [ἔτ(ους)]τ̣κ̣α̣´, μ[η(νὸς) ?]: my reading; according to the Sullan era, the year 321 would correspond to 236/37 AD; the last cipher could also have been a Δ, thus 324 Sullan era = 239/40 AD. If the first cipher was a Σ (which is less probable), the dates would be 100 years earlier. As the following M has no superscribed small H (the usual abbreviation of μηνός), it may be the first letter of the dedicant’s name. - Ψα̣μ: ed. pr. (SEG).

2 [εὐ]χὴν στήλ[ην ἀνέθηκεν]: ed. pr. (SEG).

3–4 ἐπιζ[η/τ- ]: suppl. Herrmann, who underlines the frequency of the verb ἐπιζητέω in “confession inscriptions” (see nos. 470, 3 and 479, 3 comm.; Petzl, Beichtinschriften, Index s.v., p. 155, and EpAnat 28 [1997], pp. 73–74) and considers the possibility that the fragments belonged to that kind of text. The combination of (unfulfilled) vow, stele, ἐπιζητεῖν, and fulfillment of the vow by a descendant are typical elements and support Herrmann’s assumption.

4 Herrmann notes that the assumption of the enigmatic ἀρχεονο[ ], understood in the sense of ἀρχαιόνο[μος] (“old-fashioned,” LSJ), does not make things clearer. Perhaps instead of ἀρχ(αῖ)ον.

5 e.g., [οἱ ἀδελφ]οὶ αὐτοῦ, Herrmann.

6 ἡ ἐγγόν[η?]: Herrmann; ἢ ἐγγόν[οις], ed. pr.

See Also
See also: R2, No. 164.
Bibliography
G. M. A. Hanfmann and N. Ramage, R2, p. 130, no. 164, fig. 312 (SEG 28, 927); Herrmann, ms. [Plate 8].
Author
GP