• m14-336-10
    Inscribed Block Fragment (reused?) (©Archaeological Exploration of Sardis/President and Fellows of Harvard College)

    Inscribed Block Fragment (reused?): Claudian Honorific Inscription for Female Member of Imperial Family

    Date
    41–54 AD?, Roman
    Sardis or Museum Inv. No.
    IN63.128
    Material
    Marble, Stone
    Object Type
    Architecture, Inscription
    Inscription Type
    Honorific Inscription
    Inscription language
    Greek
    Inscription Text
    		[		                ]
    		[-    -    ? Σεβ]α̣στήν̣
    			vacat
    Inscription Translation
    “[- - -] Augusta.”
    Inscription Comment
    Site
    Sardis
    Sector
    Syn
    Trench
    Syn 63
    Locus
    Syn MH Above Floor
    B-Grid Coordinates
    E80 / N15 *97.50
    Findspot
    Synagogue, Main Hall.
    Description
    Fragment of the right portion of a block of white marble; the top, bottom, and left side are broken. The lower part of the inscribed face has been chiseled (for reuse?).
    Dimensions
    H. 0.44, W. 0.35, Th. 0.12, H. of letters 0.055.
    Comments

    Herrmann’s text and restoration.

    2 ? Σεβ]α̣στήν̣: the end of the last line. Traces of letters from the preceding line are visible.

    Herrmann’s commentary summarized:

    The monumentality and the shape of the letters support the assumption that the fragment belonged to the base of a statue representing an empress. Herrmann wonders whether that statue belonged to the ensemble representing members of the imperial family that was probably erected under Claudius (see no. 333 comm.). Two Augustae are possible:

    1) Livia, as Claudius’s grandmother, after her divinization: [Θεὰν (Ἰουλίαν) Σεβ]αστήν? See U. Hahn, Die Frauen des römischen Kaiserhauses… (Saarbrücker Stud. z. Archäol. u. Alten Gesch. 8, 1994), pp. 34–105, 322–34. Livia appears on a Sardian coin after the earthquake of 17 AD (Hahn, pp. 46, 328, no. 64; P. Herrmann, REA 1998, p. 507 = Ausgew. Schriften, p. 210, with n. 36).

    2) Claudius’s mother Antonia Minor (Hahn, pp. 118–25, 336–37; for the date she received the name Augusta: ibid., p. 122 n. 19. SEG 31, 915: Ἀντωνίαν Σεβαστήν [Aphrodisias]). See Sardis VII 1, no. 37, which was probably for Claudius’s daughter Antonia; and new restorations by P. Herrmann, “Sardeis zur Zeit der iulisch-claudischen Kaiser” (in Forschungen in Lydien, ed. E. Schwertheim [1995 = AMS 17], pp. 21–36 = Herrmann, Ausgew. Schriften, pp. 147–68), pp. 33–34 = Herrmann, Ausgew. Schriften, pp. 161–62: Ἀντω[νίαν τὴν Τι]/βερίου [Κλαυδί]/ου Καί[σαρος Σε]/(4)βαστο[ῦ Γερμα]/νικ[οῦ τοῦ αὐτο/κράτορος θυγα/τέρα ὁ δῆμος / (8) καθιέρωσεν].

    In any event, the final position of Σεβαστήν is noteworthy.

    See Also
    Bibliography
    Unpublished. Herrmann, ms.
    Author
    GP